Hybrid stochastic/robust flexible and reliable scheduling of secure networked microgrids with electric springs and electric vehicles

• Electric spring model is developed for demand-side management. Flexibility of EVs used to increase wind energy. and electric are modeled as flexibility tools transfer The paper deals with day-ahead operation smart microgrids. Hybrid stochastic/robust optimization proposed handle uncertainty. (ES) a novel concept in power electronics has been the purpose dealing In this paper, conquer challenges imposed by intermittent nature renewable energy sources (RESs) other uncertainties constructing secure modern microgrid (MG), hybrid distributed ESs vehicles (EVs) parking lot suggested. approach implemented context (HSRO) problem, where stochastic programming based on unscented transformation (UT) method models associated load, price, RESs, availability MG equipment. Also, bounded uncertainty-based robust (BURO) employed uncertain parameters achieve potentials improving indices. subsequent stage, non-linear problem converted linear approximated counterpart obtain an optimal solution low calculation time error. Finally, management strategy analyzed 32-bus test investigate cooperation capabilities different cases. numerical results corroborate efficiency feasibility modifying